The Question of Bee Protection in Australia
Bees are not protected under federal law in Australia in the way that some wildlife species are, but their importance to agriculture and ecosystems means that most pest controllers — and most homeowners — prefer relocation over extermination wherever possible. There are also practical reasons why removing a live bee colony rather than killing it is the better approach.
Are Honey Bees Protected?
European honey bees (Apis mellifera) are not a protected species under Australian law — they are actually an introduced species. However:
- Most Australian states have regulations relating to beekeeping that may be relevant if a swarm settles near your property
- In NSW, abandoned beehives and swarms may require notification or specific handling under the Biosecurity Act 2015 if they could harbour the Varroa mite, which has now established in NSW
- Native bees (stingless bees, blue-banded bees, teddy bear bees) are protected in some states and should never be disturbed or killed without expert advice
What’s the Difference Between a Swarm and an Established Hive?
Swarm
A swarm is a temporary cluster of bees — typically seen as a large ball of bees hanging from a tree branch, fence or eave. Swarms are generally docile (they have no hive to defend) and are actively looking for a new home. A swarm can often be relocated by a local beekeeper at no cost. Swarms that are not relocated will usually move on within 24–72 hours.
Established hive
An established hive inside a wall cavity, roof void, tree hollow or eave is a much more complex problem. The colony has built wax comb, laid eggs and stored honey — removing it requires physical extraction of the comb as well as the bees. Killing an established hive without removing the comb results in the honey and wax melting inside the wall, attracting other pests and causing structural damage.
What to Do if You Have a Swarm
- Keep children and pets away from the swarm
- Contact a local beekeeper — many will remove swarms for free. The NSW Apiarists Association can refer you to a beekeeper in your area
- Do not spray the swarm with water or insecticide — this will aggravate the bees
- If the swarm has not moved after 3–4 days and poses a risk, contact a pest controller
What to Do if You Have an Established Hive
Established hives inside structures must be removed by a professional. The process involves:
- Identifying the full extent of the colony through the cavity
- Opening the structure to access the comb
- Removing all wax comb and honey — failure to do this results in significant secondary pest and structural problems
- Treating remaining bees
- Sealing the cavity to prevent recolonisation
Pestyologist handles bee removal and wasp nest treatment across Sydney. Contact us today if you have a bee or wasp problem.